The challenge of using small sample sizes for operational risk capital models fitted via maximum likelihood estimation is well recognized, yet the literature generally provides warning examples rather ...

In the process of loan pricing, stress testing, capital allocation, modeling of probability of default (PD) term structure and International Financial Reporting Standard 9 expected credit loss ...

A random sample of curves can be usually thought of as noisy realisations of a compound stochastic process X(t) = Z{W(t)}, where Z(t) produces random amplitude variation and W(t) produces random ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract In a linear (or affine) functional model the principal parameter is a subspace (respectively an affine subspace) in a finite dimensional inner ...

Our method can be used to train implicit probabilistic models (a common example being the generator in GANs). Unlike GANs, however, our method does not suffer from mode collapse/dropping and is stable ...