Printed-circuit boards used to be works of art, and the PCB designer was an artist as well as a technician. Components had many different shapes, sizes, and colors, and the traces connecting them were ...

Designers often develop a single board that can be configured using different firmware for multiple end-user applications. This approach allows companies to reuse critical intellectual property and ...

Through-hole assembly means bending leads on components and putting the leads through holes in the circuit board, then soldering them in place, and trimming the wires. That took up too much space and ...

When selecting a service provider for circuit-board repair or rework, focus on the “three E’s”: expertise, equipment, and economies of scale. Printed-circuit boards (PCBs), no matter what brand or ...