As I mentioned in my recent columns on the topic of adding pull-up or pull-down resistors to the inputs of unused or partially used logic gates and functions (see Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3), I was ...

Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

The circuit was constructed to produce a frequency divider with the use of flip flops which are the basic building blocks of sequential logic circuits while forming a T flip-flop configuration. Toggle ...

Logic testers are simple but very helpful devices in testing digital circuits. A logic probe can be designed in many different ways. In this particular design, a combination of discrete and TTL logic ...

A simple logic circuit that is used to connect complex logic circuits together. For example, an ASIC chip may contain large functions, such as a microprocessor, memory block or communications block, ...