Abstract: A Spark ignition (SI) engine is a complex, multi-domain component of the vehicle powertrain system. The engine control module (ECM) for an SI engine must achieve both high performance and ...

Abstract: This brief addresses the emission reduction of spark ignition engines by proposing a new control to regulate the air-fuel ratio (AFR) around the ideal value. After revisiting the engine ...

Objective: To assess if the effect of a single treatment episode with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) enhances smoking cessation over many years. Data sources: Meta-analysis of all randomised ...