Cheng, R. , Liu, J. , Hao, L. and Wu, D. (2026) On the Application of the Infinitesimal Method to Two Categories of Problems in College Physics. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 14, 378-389. doi: ...

Discover how probability distribution methods can help predict stock market returns and improve investment decisions. Learn ...

The total area under the curve must equal 1, representing the fact that the probability of some outcome occurring within the entire range is certain. \[\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f\left(x\right)dx=1\] ...

A discrete random variable is a type of random variable that can take on a countable set of distinct values. Common examples include the number of children in a family, the outcome of rolling a die, ...

Forecasting for any small business involves guesswork. You know your business and its past performance, but you may not be comfortable predicting the future. Using Excel is a great way to perform what ...

Ask the publishers to restore access to 500,000+ books. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. A line drawing of the Internet Archive headquarters building ...

Cumulative probability is an essential concept in the world of statistics and probability theory. It refers to the likelihood that a random variable will take a value equal to or less than a specific ...

Abstract: Learning the joint probability of random variables (RVs) is the cornerstone of statistical signal processing and machine learning. However, direct nonparametric estimation for ...

Roll a die and ask students to identify the random variable. Since a die can only take on values of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, this is a discrete random variable. Repeat ...

The COS method was introduced in Fang & Oosterlee (2008) and then was applied to pricing a variety of stock options for continuous random variables. This paper adapts the Fourier-cosine series (COS) ...